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溢流閥是防止系統(tǒng)超載,保證安全,流閥一般只作為低壓用及安全閥用;減壓閥是在保證系統(tǒng)不過(guò)載的前提下,降低系統(tǒng)壓力,減壓閥一般在出口壓力設(shè)定值。 溢流閥
一、溢流閥與減壓閥的區(qū)別
(一)可以說(shuō)溢流閥是被動(dòng)工作,而減壓閥是主動(dòng)工作:
1、減壓閥保持出口處壓力不變,而溢流閥保持進(jìn)口處壓力不變; 2、在不工作時(shí),減壓閥進(jìn)出口互通,而溢流閥進(jìn)出口不通;
3、非工作狀態(tài)時(shí),減壓閥的閥口是敞開(kāi)的,而溢流閥是常閉的溢流閥是壓力控制閥,主要是控制系統(tǒng)壓力,還起卸荷的作用。
(二)減壓閥是一種使閥出口壓力低于進(jìn)口壓力的壓力調(diào)節(jié)閥:
1、減壓閥主要是用來(lái)降低液壓系統(tǒng)某一分支油路的壓力,使分支壓力比主油路壓力低且穩(wěn)定,在調(diào)定壓力的范圍內(nèi),減壓閥也像溢流閥那樣是關(guān)閉的。但是隨著系統(tǒng)壓力的升高當(dāng)達(dá)到減壓閥調(diào)定的壓力時(shí),減壓閥打開(kāi),部分油液會(huì)經(jīng)過(guò)他返回油箱(此時(shí)有一定壓力的油回油箱,油箱的油溫會(huì)上升),這一支路的油壓是不會(huì)上升了。它起到對(duì)本支路的減壓與穩(wěn)壓作用!溢流閥則不同,它裝在泵的出口處會(huì)保證系統(tǒng)的整體壓力穩(wěn)定且不會(huì)超壓。所以他有安全、調(diào)壓、穩(wěn)壓等作用!
2、溢流閥一般并聯(lián)在系統(tǒng)的支路中起調(diào)壓、穩(wěn)壓與減壓作用,而減壓閥一般串聯(lián)在某一支路上起減壓與保壓本支路的作用!
(三)溢流閥是常閉的,只是當(dāng)系統(tǒng)超壓才動(dòng)作;減壓閥是常通的,通過(guò)狹窄通道減壓。 溢流閥的作用是:穩(wěn)壓、溢流、過(guò)載保護(hù)。減壓閥是減小壓力,液壓系統(tǒng)某一部分壓里減小。用途不一樣。所以不能代替。
(四)溢流閥控制進(jìn)油口壓力,減壓閥控制出油口壓力。
二、溢流閥與減壓閥的應(yīng)用
?。ㄒ唬┮缌鏖y分為直動(dòng)式和先導(dǎo)式:直動(dòng)式油壓是靠彈簧直接平衡(不利用先導(dǎo)閥回油的油壓力),一般只作為低壓用及安全閥用。
應(yīng)用:
1.作安全閥防止過(guò)載,此閥是常閉的,當(dāng)閥前的壓力不超過(guò)某一預(yù)調(diào)的極*,此閥關(guān)閉不溢油,通常多用于帶變量泵 系統(tǒng),其所控制的過(guò)載壓力,一般比系統(tǒng)的工作壓力高8-10%。
2.作溢流閥,使液壓系統(tǒng)保持恒定,在定量泵系統(tǒng)中,與節(jié)流元件及負(fù)載并聯(lián),此時(shí)閥是常開(kāi)的,,常溢流。溢流部分 損耗功率,故一般只應(yīng)用于小功率定量泵的系流中。溢流的調(diào)整壓力壓力應(yīng)等于系統(tǒng)的工作壓力(進(jìn)油節(jié)流調(diào)速回路)。
3.遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)壓,將遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)壓閥的進(jìn)油口和溢流閥的遙控口(卸荷口)連接在主溢流閥的設(shè)定壓力范圍內(nèi),實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)壓, ?。ㄟh(yuǎn)程調(diào)壓閥的調(diào)壓力應(yīng)低于主溢流閥的調(diào)整壓力)。
4.作卸荷閥用,用換向閥將溢流閥的遙控口和油箱連接。
5.高低壓多級(jí)控制,用換向閥將溢流閥的遙控口和幾個(gè)遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)壓連時(shí),即可實(shí)現(xiàn)高低壓的多級(jí)控制。
6.作順序閥用,將溢流閥頂蓋加工一個(gè)泄油口,而堵死主閥與頂蓋的軸向孔,并將主閥溢流口作為二次壓力出油口,即為順序閥用。
7.單向溢流閥一般常用于蓄能器系統(tǒng)中,泵大正常工作時(shí),向蓄能器供油,當(dāng)蓄能器中油壓達(dá)到需要壓力時(shí),通過(guò)系統(tǒng)壓力 操縱溢流閥,使泵卸荷,系統(tǒng)就由蓄能器供油而照常工作,當(dāng)蓄能器油壓下降時(shí),溢流閥關(guān)閉,油泵繼續(xù)向蓄能器供油,從而保證系統(tǒng)的正常工作。
?。ǘp壓閥有直動(dòng)式和先導(dǎo)式兩種,一般所稱(chēng)的減壓閥即指先導(dǎo)式,出口壓力為定值的減壓閥。
應(yīng)用:
1.減壓閥是一種使閥門(mén)出口壓力(二次油路壓力)低于進(jìn)口壓力(一次油路壓力)的調(diào)節(jié)閥,一般減壓閥為定壓式,減壓閥的閥孔縫隙隨進(jìn)口壓力變化而自行調(diào)節(jié)。因此能自動(dòng)保證閥的出口壓力為恒定。
2.減壓閥在節(jié)流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)中及操作滑閥的油路中廣泛應(yīng)用,減壓閥常和節(jié)流閥串在一起,用以保證節(jié)流閥前后壓力差為恒 定流過(guò)節(jié)流閥的油量不隨負(fù)載而變化。
3.應(yīng)用時(shí),減壓閥的泄油口必須直接接回油箱,并保證泄油路暢通,如果泄油孔有背壓時(shí),會(huì)影響減壓閥及單向減壓閥的正常工作。
4.導(dǎo)閥上的遙控口,需要時(shí)可以接上遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)壓閥,實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)壓。